The Differences Between Peoples Attitudes Towards Gender...

In this course, Anthropology 101, Dr. Crandall has talked many things about human beings, which include differences and similarities. Films he has shown and books for the class assignments capture a fact that there are several common things to all people and several major kinds of differences between people. In addition, Dr. Crandall has taught why human beings have such similarities and why it’s universal all over the world, instead of just in the small regional area. Considering everything mentioned above, at the end of this course, it was fun to think about what appears to me to be more important, the differences or the similarities. Specific four aspects of human life and experiences—seeking for better life, cultural belief, economic status, and technology advancement—are common to all people and societies because the world is following the same path. In addition, There are also specific differences between peoples—perceptions towards gender roles, the purpose of life, unique cultural traditions, and social norms. The differences are more important than the similarities because people can learn new things from each other through sharing unique ideas and perspectives. First aspect of human life that is common to all people is that everyone is seeking for better life no matter what situation they are in. A film called How the Beatles Rocked the Kremlin shows people who were not satisfied with their lives because many things were limited or prohibited by their communismShow MoreRelatedEssay on Gender: Feminism and Masculinity1341 Words   |  6 Pagesthat men hold more negative attitudes toward homosexuality than do women. They also determined that mens attitudes toward homosexuality are particularly negative when the person being rated is a gay man rather than a lesbian. Their review of the literature also highlighted the complex nature of attitudes toward homosexuality noted by others. In order to understand the constructive attitudes of homosexuality, there are several factors that include beliefs that gay people are threatening or dangerousRead MoreHow The Housework Is Divided Among Men And Women970 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent attitudes to wards housework. However, what is even more interesting is how the attitudes have changed over time. With the development of gender issues, there are large differences between the attitudes towards housework between the men and women of the Baby Boomer Generation to the attitudes between the men and women of Generation Y; the previous generations have a traditional approach while today’s generation is more progressive. To begin, a distinction between the traditional attitudes of theRead MoreGender Relations Between Rural Areas And The West Of Iran1580 Words   |  7 PagesLeitao-Graca 4058971 SYG 2000 2 November 2015 Gender Relations in Rural Areas Summary of the Article   This paper gives a detailed analysis of a peer-reviewed sociology paper to discuss the theme in the paper, giving a summary of the article with research methods and research findings plus relevance of the paper ‘Geographical Perspective on Gender Relations in Rural Areas; a Comparative Study in North and West  of Iran’. The article ‘Geographical Perspective on Gender Relations in Rural Areas; a ComparativeRead MoreAbortion Is A Controversial Topic1097 Words   |  5 Pagescountry, influenced debates and resulted in violence (PBS.org). The polarization of public opinions among citizens concerning abortions can be related to many factors. Some factors that can polarize citizens’ public opinions towards abortion include laws, politics, religion, and gender. Laws have been established in many states to promote or hinder access to abortions. Medoff (2015) designed a study to determine if restrictive state abortion laws influenced unintended birth rates in the United StatesRead MoreGender Sensitivity Is Not About Pitting Women Against Men Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pages Gender sensitivity is not about pitting women against men. On the contrary, education that is gender sensitive benefits members of both sexes. It helps them determine which assumptions in matters of gender are valid and which are stereotyped generalizations. Gender awareness requires not only intellectual understanding and effort but also sensitivity and open-mindedness to change one’s views and limited perspectives and values. It opens up the widest possible range of life options for both womenRead MoreA Literature Review of the Popular Opinion on Abortion1651 Words   |  7 Pagesand controversial debate. It touches upon key ethical, moral, philosophical, biological, and legal issues. Opinions about abortion tend to be rooted in fundamental personal values which are unlikely to change. Many people, especially Christians, regard abortion as murder. Such people oppose abortion in varying degrees, calling their position Pro-Life. Others regard abortion as an excruciating yet critical decision that woman should be allowed to make. The debate over abortion has been a persistentRead MoreUnrealistic Expectations: Gender Roles Effects of Society1414 Words   |  6 PagesUnrealistic Expectations: Gender Roles Effects of Society â€Å"My dear boy, no woman is a genius. Women are a decorative sex. They never have anything to say, but they say it charmingly. Women represent the triumph of matter over mind, just as men represent the triumph of mind over morals.† In 1890, when Oscar Wilde wrote The Picture of Dorian Gray, the attitude towards women was nowhere close to positive. Men did not look at women with much respect and only thought of them as domestic trophy wifeRead MoreThe Concepts Of Sex And Gender1225 Words   |  5 Pagesof sex and gender define the majority of our behavior within society. The irony within this is that sex is not the same in gender. However, the way society pushes roles in gender, the difference between gender and sex is rarely noted. It isn’t just society, but the media as well that pushes for a differentiation of behaviors between the two sexes, resulting in overall social constraints as well as personal experiences that are defined by gender. The first thing is to distinguish between sex and genderRead MoreHow Gender Roles Are Predetermined by the Environment1305 Words   |  6 PagesHow gender roles are predetermined by the environment What is male? What is female? The answers to these questions everyone may depend on the types of gender roles they were exposed to as a child. Gender roles can be defined as the behaviours and attitudes expected of male and female members of a society by that society. Basically to make it clear the pattern of masculine or feminine behaviours of an individual that is defined by a particular culture and that is largely determined by a childsRead MoreTaking a Look at Gender Norms962 Words   |  4 PagesGENDER NORMS The term â€Å"gender† is often used interchangeably with â€Å"sex†. The distinction should be made between gender and biological sex. (Antai, 2012). The US Institute of Medicine in 2001 offered recommendations on these terminologies. (Wizemann Pardue 2001). They referred to sex as a classification, â€Å"generally as male or female, according to the reproductive organs and functions that derive from the chromosomal complement†. (Wizemann Pardue 2001, p.5).They also suggest that gender should

The History of the Term Academy Explained in “Academies...

The article â€Å"Academies of Art; Past and Present† by Nikolaus (1973) encompasses the history of academies in general. Beginning from the Plato’s time, the term â€Å"academy† has changed its connotations. The writing style is eloquent, yet covers the developments on the topic in every era. The writer used the article as a prologue for the reader to understand the term â€Å"academy† in order to make sense of the forthcoming chapters of the book. As the term had varied meanings, its reference in each century has different meanings and background. This summary consists of the description of the article, comments and discussion on the writing style and author’s arguments in the article. The author has discussed the evolution of the term â€Å"academy† in the†¦show more content†¦Meanwhile, Renaissance and Antiquity became a synonym of university, which was used alternatively as its Latin translation ‘academy’. As Renaissance was over and was taken over by Mannerism in art, academies became more loose and informal and grew in number in Italy. Since 1540 even the associations liked to call themselves academies, which further made the understanding of its connotation complex. In Rome the academy found by Queen Christina changed the notion further as it became center of activities like reading and criticizing poetry, literature, performing drama and comedy plays. The author focused the meanings of academy getting broader. Feastings organized by peasants, lecturing, discussions and research by scholars were added aims to the academies in Italy. However the term was never used for the entire university or a school. In schools academies were re ferred as groups of students tutored privately by some noblemen. This spread in the use of academies affected the art abundantly after the Mannerism took over. Artists started to specialize in various genre of art i.e. still life, folk life, water color etc. in contrast with Renaissance academies the Mannerism academies were organized, with elaborated rules. The history of the term academy is important, as the writer emphasized, in order to

Jai Ho Free Essays

Assignment: Inverted Index October 19, 2012 1 Introduction Today, top search engines like Google and Yahoo use a data structure called Inverted Index for their matching of queries to the documents and give users the relevant documents according to their rank. Inverted Index is basically a mapping from a word to its position of occurence in the document. Since a word may appear more than once in the document, storing all the positions and the frequency of a word in the document gives an idea of relevance of this document for a particular word. We will write a custom essay sample on Jai Ho or any similar topic only for you Order Now If such an inverted index is build up for each document in the collection, then when a query is ? red, a search can be done for the query in these indexes and ranking is obtained according to the frequency. Mathematically, an inverted index for a document D and strings s1 , s2 , †¦ , sn is of the form s1 ? a1 , a1 , †¦ 1 2 s2 ? a2 , a2 , †¦ 1 2 . . . sn ? an , an , †¦ 2 1 where ak denotes the lth position of k th word in the document D. l To build up this kind of data structure e? iently, Tries are used. Tries are a good data structure for strings as searching becomes very simple here with every leaf node describing one word. To build up an inverted index given a set of documents using trie, following steps are followed †¢ Traverse one document and insert words into a trie. As a leaf node is reached, assign it a number (in increasing order) representing its location in the index (staring from 0). Add the position of this word into the index. Now for a word which occur more than once in the document, when attempt for second insertion into the trie is made, a leaf node already containing that word would be found and its value would tell the location in the index. So simply go to this index and add another position for this word. †¢ Do this till end of document is reached. Now, you have a trie and an inverted index for the ? rst document. †¢ Repeat this procedure for the rest of the documents. 1 Now follow the below steps to search for a word from the inverted indexes and tries of all the documents †¢ For every document, ? st search for the word in the corresponding trie and get its location in the inverted index of that document. †¢ Then traverse through all the positions and see which document has most frequency and arrange the documents accordingly (in decreasing order). Also, in every document there are special words called â€Å"anchor texts† which have more importance than a normal text word. For example – a download link. So for the same word, its occurence as an anchor text increases the relevance of that document over its normal occurence. 2 Problem Statement For this assignment, you need to create an inverted index for a collection C of documents from 1 to n. Every document will be a plain text ? le with ? rst line storing its id from 1 to n and next few lines containing space or new line separated words. The index should be an array of lists with size of array equal to total number of distinct words in the array and the list for each word contains the locations of the word in the document. The trie used for this construction can be represented in any form (array/linked list/trees etc. ). So you would have n such tries and inverted indexes. Then you should ask user for the queries (single-word) and give the order of documents in decreasing order of relevance. For our case, the anchor texts are represented by following the word with a ?. So if you have something like – â€Å"Rats fear cats and cats* fear dogs. † then here 1st cat is a normal word whereas 2nd cat is an anchor text. So now your array size will be 2 ? totalnumberof distinctwords in the document as you would store positions of normal text and anchor text separately for a given word. And now relevance should ? rst be decided by the frequency of anchor texts and within them collision should be resolved by frequency of normal text. D1 D2 D3 1 it is what it is 2 what is it 3 it is a banana Below are the corresponding tries and inverted indexes for the 3 documents (? gure 1). 2 Figure 1: Trie and Inverted Index for Documents 1, 2 and 3 Now if query is â€Å"it† – then search in 1st index gives – 0, 3(f req = 2), 2nd index gives 2(f req = 1) and 3rd one gives 0(f req = 1). So, our output is – 1, 2, 3or1, 3, 2 (as document 2 and 3 have equal relevance). NOTE †¢ The names of the data ? les should be taken from command line. After 3 building the inverted index, you should ask for query again from command prompt and also give an option of quitting any time the user want. †¢ The inverted indexes should be written to ? les named as â€Å"1†¦ n. txt† with each line corresponding to one word in the document. †¢ You can ignore case-sensitive words i. e. , Cat and cat are same. †¢ Also ignore symbols in the text (if any) like . ,-? 4 How to cite Jai Ho, Essay examples

Planning a Wedding on a Budget free essay sample

Planning a Wedding On a Budget Every woman wants to have the wedding of their dreams. Weddings can be very expensive. An average wedding in Bennington County, Vermont costs between $18,364 and $30,606 for a guest count of 112-126 people, and the majority of woman however do not possess the means to have such a lavish event. But there are other ways to have your dream wedding without spending much money. If you budget and shop around you can have your dream wedding. The idea of a wedding is to carry you into a happy marriage. So how do you throw an experience that you and your guests will remember for years to come, while staying within the confines of a budget? Do the math. In order to stay within your boundaries, you actually have to set a budget. Your first priority may be flowers, but you’re off to the wrong start. If you allocate money to buy them without first determining how much you can spend on the occasion, including engagement ring, honeymoon and everything in between. Once you’ve put a cap on spending, evaluate your priorities. Many couples make the mistake of not creating a buffer of about ten percent of the overall budget in case unexpected expenses occur. Traditionally the brides’ family pays for the wedding ceremony and the reception. The grooms’ family is typically responsible for the rehearsal dinner. In today’s society more and more couples are paying for their own wedding. Others split all costs, designating specific duties to each part of the family. Establish with the families who will pay for what. Find out how much they are willing to spend, to adjust your budget properly. The first thing you should do is make out your guest list. This will be a key factor in several aspects of planning the wedding. One guest could change the overall cost of a wedding by an average of $206. When making out a guest list, keep in mind that only about two-thirds of the invited guest will attend the ceremony or reception even less will attend both. The number of guest you invite will determine the costs involved with the invitations, venue of both the ceremony and reception (some charge extra for additional people over a certain number), the favors, food, and whether or not you will have an open bar. Keep in mind that the amount of guests on your list can be modified at anytime in order to stay within the confines of your budget. After you decide how many guest you are going to invite, it is time to pick a date. You should have a few dates in mind incase the venue you want isn’t available on the exact date you want. If you do not have your heart set on a specific venue, you can choose a specific date and have a few more choices on where you want to be married. The time of year you choose to get married will also impact your budget. Peak season for weddings is during the summer, prices are typically higher this time of year. Most places will give discounts for planning the event during the winter months. The average cost of the venue, catering and rentals is between $5,491 and $9,151. If you are looking for the best of everything the cost could go as high as $14,642. Changing a few things could cut your cost to be as low as $1,500 $2,500. When looking at churches or a Bed and Breakfast for the ceremony, be sure there is adequate seating for the number of guests you are inviting, as well as, sufficient parking and bathrooms that will efficiently accommodate the amount of attending guests. Also find out any rules or stipulations the venue may have. At some churches they require you to take marriage classes; this will allow the priest or minister to determine if you are fit to be married. If you have the ceremony in a church, you will need a separate venue for the reception. This is an extra cost. Most venues will require a down payment of at least 25 percent of their total cost. Planning on having a toast of Champaign at the reception? Check with the venue, to make sure they have a liquor license. To avoid all hassle you can always ask family members or friends that have a large yard to have the wedding at their house. Offer the person, in which you use their land, some money for the amount of electricity you will use. If you are having an outside wedding do you need tables, chairs and tents, someplace to cook the food? Get your tables and chairs from a local firehouse or church, donate $25 to $100 for the use of the furniture. As for a bathroom, rent portable bathrooms which will cost around $100 per unit. Who will cook the food? If you decide to hire a caterer, meet with him/her. Ask yourself questions, does he/she look like someone I would trust enough to eat their food? Are they clean? Ask for a tasting. Reputable caterers will set up a time to cook samples for you. Be sure they will cook the type of food you want. Find out if they have a portfolio of events they have catered. Call their references. Want to save money on the catering? Ask your family to each cook a dish from your menu to have a large buffet style dinner. Pay for the food that everyone will be cooking, which the cost will depend on the amount of guests that RSVP. The rehearsal dinner is meant for the wedding party and parents of the bride and groom, to celebrate the upcoming day. The type of dinner is up to the bride and groom. Choosing something simple such as pizza or a homemade dinner is a great way to save a little money. But some people would rather celebrate in style by going out to a reputable restaurant. Either way you choose, it is a great way to enjoy family, have some laughs, and de-stress before the big day. By now you would have chosen either a church for the ceremony or an outside wedding. With a church wedding you will have chosen that place knowing who the priest or minister is that will be marrying you. If you are having an outdoor ceremony, you have the option to choose a member of the Justice of the Peace, a Judge or Rabbi. All members charge differently. I personally paid $75 to an old friend of my husbands family (who was a member of the Justice of the Peace) to marry us. We were able to be married by someone we knew and trusted. Now that you have decided on when, where and how many guests you are going to invite, its time to pick out your invitations. The invitations you choose is what is going to represent the overall look of your wedding. Online has many options when choosing a theme. The cost can range from $382 to $636, unless you want designer invitations then it can range anywhere from $764 to $1,018.